European EV battery dream dashed as Northvolt files for bankruptcy

12 March 2025

The push for Europe to become a key player in the EV battery market has suffered a major setback. Northvolt, a Swedish startup once hailed as a beacon of hope against Asian battery dominance, has filed for bankruptcy in its home country.

Northvolt announced it could not secure the necessary funding to continue operating in Sweden. A court-appointed trustee will take charge of the sale of the company's assets and settle its debts while the company's 5,000 employees face an uncertain future. Northvolt has stated it will cooperate with authorities and unions to provide support during this difficult time.

The bankruptcy filing follows months of financial struggles. Northvolt previously filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection in the United States in November. Shortly after, CEO Peter Carlsson stepped down, revealing the company needed between $1 billion and $1.2 billion to stay afloat. Even after raising over $10 billion in equity, debt, and public funding since its 2016 founding, the company could not overcome its financial burdens. Investors included Volkswagen and Goldman Sachs.

Northvolt's ambition was to "make oil history" by producing sustainable EV batteries. The company built a large factory in northern Sweden, aiming to use green energy to produce hundreds of thousands of batteries annually. However, the facility faced numerous operational challenges, with its expansion suspended last year.

The company blamed "a series of compounding challenges" for its financial trouble. These included rising capital costs, geopolitical instability, supply chain disruptions, and shifting market demands. Northvolt faced criticism earlier for attempting to build factories in multiple locations at the same time, including Sweden, Germany, and the United States.

In a last-ditch effort to save the company, Northvolt implemented cost-cutting measures, including 1,600 job cuts. The company had planned to complete its restructuring by the end of March. Unfortunately, the bankruptcy brought an unexpected end to a very important chapter in Europe's efforts to establish a competitive EV battery industry.

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